Fetal surgery firsts
The first open fetal surgery in the world was performed at UCSF in the early 1980s.
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Congenital brain malformations are brain defects or disorders that develop in utero and are present at birth. They are thought to result from genetic and environmental factors. Early detection and treatment of congenital brain malformations may help reduce their impact on your child's brain development.
The fetal brain begins to develop shortly after conception and continues to grow throughout pregnancy. Billions of neurons, or nerve cells, undergo a critical development process in which they form brain regions. If anything interrupts this process, particularly during the first 12 weeks of pregnancy, brain malformations can result. These defects may also occur if the skull doesn't form properly.
While the cause isn't always clear, congenital brain malformations may result from inherited genetic defects or spontaneous mutations within the embryo's genes. Factors thought to contribute to congenital brain malformations are similar to those associated with a number of other birth defects. These include:
Screening of biological parents during the pregnancy planning stages can help identify risks that may contribute to congenital brain malformations. Screening can also be done during pregnancy using ultrasound, blood tests and other methods. Finally, early screening of newborns is crucial for prompt detection of congenital brain malformations and other birth defects. Tools used to detect congenital brain malformations may include:
Babies born with congenital brain malformations receive care from a team of specialists in our neuro-intensive care nursery (NICN), part of the UCSF William H. Tooley Intensive Care Nursery. The NICN provides high-level monitoring and treatment for babies at risk of neurological damage. We are also at the forefront of research studying brain malformations in newborns, particularly premature babies.
UCSF Benioff Children's Hospitals medical specialists have reviewed this information. It is for educational purposes only and is not intended to replace the advice of your child's doctor or other health care provider. We encourage you to discuss any questions or concerns you may have with your child's provider.
UCSF Newborn Brain Research Institute
The Newborn Brain Research Institute promotes brain development and recovery by leveraging clinical excellence, a cutting-edge data hub and innovative basic and clinical research.
One of the nation's best in neurology & neurosurgery
in NIH funding among U.S. neurology programs
Ranked among the nation's best in 10 specialties
Fetal surgery firsts